...Living in California at the time, I had access to a multitude of blackface amplifiers and began to acquire them as often as I could. As it became apparent that these amps would require maintenance, I began learning about what made these amps work and how to repair and modify them.

...Not too long after that, I became involved with Hammond organ repairs and restoration, and under the tutelage of Master Hammond Technician, Bob Schleicher, I spent five years learning everything about vintage Hammond organs. That knowledge and experience, coupled with my own research and experimentation with classic amp designs was the genesis of Tungsten Amplification. I've been designing and building Tungsten amplifiers for several years now, and I am constantly looking for new designs to add to the Tungsten line and to refine my existing models.